Internal-combustion engine



Sept. 27 1927. 1,643,645

A. STRAND INTERNAL comausnou ENGINE Filed Dec. 2, 1920 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Swan 11oz 1,643,645 A. STRAND INTERNAL COMBUSTIQN ENGINE Se t. 27, 1927.

Filed Dec. 2. 1920 s Sheets-Sheet 2 b I gin center 7 Mew 527 0222,

Sept 1927' A. STRAND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 F IG. 5.

Filed Dec. 2, 1920 t rzdre Mam,

61cm neg the Patented Sept. 27, 1927.

ANDREW STRAND, 0F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

m'rnnimn-comsus'rron ENGINE.

Application filed December 2, 1920. Serial No. aa'zn'no.v

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in internal combustion engines and has for one of its objects the provision of removable piston receiving sleeves mounted in a single casing whereby uniform compression may be maintained in each cylinder.

Heretofore, internal combustion engines have had the cylinders which receive the piston cast with and forming a part of the casing, and in some instances. removable liners have been rovided for these cylinders, but it has been proved that in use of these types of engines, that when the compression in balanced, the entire engine must be dismantled and the cylinder re-borecl or otherwise repaired, and when this is done it follows that the particular cylinder repaired will give greater efficiency than the others, and to overcome this as well as to obviate the laborious and expensive operation of dismantling the engine, I have provided a hollow casing having removable, piston receiving sleeves fitted therein, whereby should anyone of these piston sleeves prove faulty it only has to be removed and re placed by a new one, or if necessary the entire set of sleeves can be removed at a great deal less expense and labor than the repairing of the present type of engine; and further, the replacing of a whole set of sleeves guarantees a uniform compression by the engine. I

A further object of this invention is the provision of a casing and removable piston carrying sleeves, which when assembled are constructed to provide a cooling medium chamber.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a casing having annular concentric seats therein, piston receiving sleeves fitted in said casing u on said seats, the walls of the sleeves an casing forming a cooling chamber, whereby the entire exposed area of the sleeve may be properly cooled.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a casing having spaced reinforcing ribs therein, whichare'provided with openings and communicate with a cooling chamber to permit the cooling fluid to freely circulate about the sleeve.

A still further object of the invention is rovision of a removable sleeve provide. with spaced concentric seats, I and the cylinders becomes unspaced re-inforcing ribs which constitute heat distributing members. \Vith these and other objects in View, the invention consists in certain novel features, combination and arrangement of artsas will be hereinafter more fully described and set forth in the claims hereto appended.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an end elevation and partly in section of the internal combustion engine, as made in accordance with this invention, Figure 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of the engine casing and sleeves,

Figure 3 is a fragmentary top plan view of the casing and sleeves,

Figure 4' is a vertical sectional view of the casing showing the sleeve and plan,

Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the sleeves,

Figure 6 is a front elevation of the sleeve carrying casing, and,

Figure 7 1s a part sectional front elevational view of a modification of the sleeves partly in section.

Referring to the drawings the numeral 5 indicates a hollow casing of my improved engine, and it is adapted and capable of being constructed for one or as many more piston receiving pockets as desired. This casing 5 is secured to the usual crank case 6, and has secured to its upper side the usual head 7, this head being e uip ed with an intake 8, exhaust 9, closed y t e usual valves 10 and 11 respectively. These valves are operated through the medium of levers 12 which are in turn operated b cams 13 mounted on a shaft 14. The hea 7 is provided adjacent the intake with a spark plug opening 15 which communicates with the usual compression chamber 16. "The parts just described form no particular part of this invention other than to complete the engine and form a holdin means for the removable sleeves which w' 1 be hereinafter more fully described.

The hollow casing 5 is cast in a single piece and is provided in its upper end with spaced openings 17 constituting pockets for the reception of removabl piston carrying sleeves 18 and has inwardly directed flanges 50 thereon.

The casing is provided adjacent these openings with a spaced transversally extending and inwardly de nding re-inforcing rib 19. The ribs an part of the casing "adjacent the upper open edge of the o nings 17 are -provided with seats 20', t ese seats being annular and are concentric with the seats 21 formed on the upper ed of the upwardly projectin annu ar wal 20 formed at the lower en of the cylinder of the casing 5. The wall 20 is annular and is formed at the bottom of the casing and coincides with the respective openings 17 to complete the pockets for the reception of the sleeves 18. The wall 20 projecting upwardly for a slight distance within the casing 5 forms a water chamber or other cooling medium pockets 22 and communicates with the chamber 23 formed by the wall of the casing and sleeves respectively. The reinforcing ribs 19 are provided with vertical and transverse intersecting openings 24 which establishes a communication between the cooling chamber 23 and the various cooling chambers 25 in the head 7.

The casing 5 is providedin its sidewall with a connection 26 which communicates with the water chamber 23 so that apressure pump 27 may be used to force the cooling medium from the chamber 23 uniformly about the sleeves 18 and up into the various provided at its upper end with an annular exterior enlargement 28 which is reduced adjacent its upper edge as at 29 to form a vertical circumferentially extending exte rior seat 30 and a horizontal seat 31. The seat 31 is adapted when the sleeve is fitted in the pocket 17 to engagethe seats 20', while the seat 30 of the sleeve bears against the adjacent wall of the annular seat 20', It is to be understood that the annular seats 20' of the casing and the seats 30 and 31 of the sleeves fit with such a nicety as to form a liquid tight joint so as to close the passage 23 so as to cause the water to circulate through the intersecting o enings 24.

The sleeves are provide at an intermediate portion with an annular exterior flange 32 providing a seat 33 which is adapted to engage the seat 21 of the wall. 20 so as to form with the seats at the upper edgpilthereof a ri 'd support for the s eeve. e portion 0 the sleeve below the hen e 32 engages the wall 20 for its entire lengt and there y the sleeve is rigidly supported against any" lateral movement relative to the casing 5. It will also be seen that the seats above mentioned together with the wall 20 prevent the sleeves from moving out of alignment and causing injury to the pistons moving therein. A

The sleeve 18 is rovided between the enlargement 28 and ange 32 with a pluralit of spaced exteriorly arranged circum erentially extending heat distributing ribs 34 which rib's also serve to re-inforce the sleeve at a portion not engaged by the casing.

After the sleeves are laced within the casing 5 in the manner escribed and the head placed on the casing, the sleeves are ready to receive the usual reci rocating pistons 35 actuated therein by t e piston rods 36 which are connected in the usual manner to a crank shaft 37.

It will be seen that an engine constructed in accordance with this invention will be one in which all of the sleeves will receive the same amount of cooling due to the fact that through the medium of the pum 27 the cooling fluid will be forced throug out the assage 23 and about the entire exposed surace of the sleeve.

The walls 20 are also provided with openings 38 which permit a free circulation of water from the pockets 22 into and about the lower ends of the sleeve.

It can be readily 'seen that if' one of the sleeves 18 becomes worn or otherwise faulty it remains that it is only necessary to remove the head 7, renew the faulty sleeve, replace the head and the engine is ready for operation again. It may also be well to state that in view of the fact that the sleeves are removable that they can be constructed of steel or etjiuivalent material, which gives them adde strength and rigidit so as to increase their life for the purpose or which they are intended.

While in the foregoing there has been shown and described the preferred embodiment of this invention, it is to be understood that such changes may be made in combination and arrangement of parts as will fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

What I claim as new is: i

1. An engine comprising a casing having a wall formed to rovide a water acket, a second wall spac from said first wall and inte ally connected therewith at the lower portion thereof, said second inner wall extending upwardly and terminating ata oint near the center of the outer wall, a auge formed in the upper portion of said outer wall, seats form: in said flange and in the up er'portion of said inner walland a remova 1e sleeve seated within said seats.

2. An engine comprising -a casin having a wall forming a water jacket, a ange issuing inwardl from said wall, a.- seat formed in sai flange, a wall positioned within said jacket at the lower portion thereof and spaced therefrom, said wall betioned at the extreme upper end of said-ine ing connected to said jacket at its lower porner wall engaging said sleeve for forming a tion and a sleeve ada ted tofit snugl with water tight connection therewith. v in said interior wafi having a s oulder 4. An lnternal combustion engine compris- 5 adapted to become seated in said engine ing a. casing provided with transversally disflange seat. I posed strengthening'ribs adjacent the upper 3. An engine comprising a casin having edge thereof, annu ar' seats formed in said a wall forming a water jacket, a ange isribs and easing, a spaced wall formed at the suing inwardly from said wall, a seat, bottom of said casing and concentric with 1 formed in said flange, a wall positioned said seats, sleeves fitted in said casmg and within said jacket at the lower portion thereenga ing said seats and wall for the purpose of and spaced therefrom, a sleeve ada ted speci ed. to fit snugly within said interior wall av- In testimony whereof I aflix my signature. in a shoulder adapted to become seated in 1 said flange seat, and packing means posi- ANDREW STRAND. 

